<?xml version="1.0"?>
<feed xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom" xml:lang="pl">
	<id>https://henryk-dabrowski.pl/index.php?action=history&amp;feed=atom&amp;title=Ca%C5%82kowanie_numeryczne._Metoda_Simpsona</id>
	<title>Całkowanie numeryczne. Metoda Simpsona - Historia wersji</title>
	<link rel="self" type="application/atom+xml" href="https://henryk-dabrowski.pl/index.php?action=history&amp;feed=atom&amp;title=Ca%C5%82kowanie_numeryczne._Metoda_Simpsona"/>
	<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://henryk-dabrowski.pl/index.php?title=Ca%C5%82kowanie_numeryczne._Metoda_Simpsona&amp;action=history"/>
	<updated>2026-04-24T16:05:15Z</updated>
	<subtitle>Historia wersji tej strony wiki</subtitle>
	<generator>MediaWiki 1.43.6</generator>
	<entry>
		<id>https://henryk-dabrowski.pl/index.php?title=Ca%C5%82kowanie_numeryczne._Metoda_Simpsona&amp;diff=948&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>HenrykDabrowski o 17:48, 13 kwi 2026</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://henryk-dabrowski.pl/index.php?title=Ca%C5%82kowanie_numeryczne._Metoda_Simpsona&amp;diff=948&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2026-04-13T17:48:24Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122;&quot; data-mw=&quot;interface&quot;&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;tr class=&quot;diff-title&quot; lang=&quot;pl&quot;&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← poprzednia wersja&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Wersja z 19:48, 13 kwi 2026&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l1978&quot;&gt;Linia 1978:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Linia 1978:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;DifferentiableFun1&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Wikipedia, &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Funkcja różniczkowalna&amp;#039;&amp;#039;, ([https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Funkcja_r%C3%B3%C5%BCniczkowalna Wiki-pl]), ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Differentiable_function Wiki-en])&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;DifferentiableFun1&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Wikipedia, &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Funkcja różniczkowalna&amp;#039;&amp;#039;, ([https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Funkcja_r%C3%B3%C5%BCniczkowalna Wiki-pl]), ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Differentiable_function Wiki-en])&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;ref name=&quot;Weierstrass1&quot;&amp;gt;Twierdzenie Weierstrassa: Jeżeli funkcja &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;f(x)&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; określona w&amp;amp;nbsp;przedziale domkniętym jest ciągła, to jest w&amp;amp;nbsp;nim ograniczona. ([https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Twierdzenie_Bolzana-Weierstrassa#Wniosek:_twierdzenie_Weierstrassa &lt;/del&gt;Wiki-pl]), ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extreme_value_theorem Wiki-en])&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;ref name=&quot;Weierstrass1&quot;&amp;gt;Twierdzenie Weierstrassa: Jeżeli funkcja &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;f(x)&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; określona w&amp;amp;nbsp;przedziale domkniętym jest ciągła, to jest w&amp;amp;nbsp;nim ograniczona. ([https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Twierdzenie_Weierstrassa_o_kresach &lt;/ins&gt;Wiki-pl]), ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extreme_value_theorem Wiki-en])&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;/references&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;/references&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>HenrykDabrowski</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://henryk-dabrowski.pl/index.php?title=Ca%C5%82kowanie_numeryczne._Metoda_Simpsona&amp;diff=862&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>HenrykDabrowski o 17:24, 9 sty 2025</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://henryk-dabrowski.pl/index.php?title=Ca%C5%82kowanie_numeryczne._Metoda_Simpsona&amp;diff=862&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2025-01-09T17:24:56Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122;&quot; data-mw=&quot;interface&quot;&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;tr class=&quot;diff-title&quot; lang=&quot;pl&quot;&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← poprzednia wersja&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Wersja z 19:24, 9 sty 2025&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l659&quot;&gt;Linia 659:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Linia 659:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;::&amp;lt;math&amp;gt;f(x) = {\small\frac{P_1 (x)}{x}}&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;, &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\qquad \int_{1}^{10} f (x) d x = - 0.072730903361964386963200944934753807929314886310179776161039616&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;::&amp;lt;math&amp;gt;f(x) = {\small\frac{P_1 (x)}{x}}&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;, &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\qquad \int_{1}^{10} f (x) d x = - 0.072730903361964386963200944934753807929314886310179776161039616&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;gdzie &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;P_1 (x)&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; jest okresową funkcją Bernoulliego. Znamy dokładny wynik, bo można pokazać, że (zobacz przykład [[Wzór Eulera-Maclaurina#&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;E53&lt;/del&gt;|&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;E53&lt;/del&gt;]])&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;gdzie &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;P_1 (x)&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; jest okresową funkcją Bernoulliego. Znamy dokładny wynik, bo można pokazać, że (zobacz przykład [[Wzór Eulera-Maclaurina#&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;E61&lt;/ins&gt;|&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;E61&lt;/ins&gt;]])&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;::&amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\int^n_1 {\small\frac{P_1 (x)}{x}} d x = \log (n!) - n \log n + n - {\small\frac{1}{2}} \log n - 1&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;::&amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\int^n_1 {\small\frac{P_1 (x)}{x}} d x = \log (n!) - n \log n + n - {\small\frac{1}{2}} \log n - 1&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l719&quot;&gt;Linia 719:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Linia 719:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;{{Spoiler|Style = font-style: italic; font-weight: bold; color: olive; text-decoration: underline;|Show=Dowód|Hide=Ukryj dowód}}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;{{Spoiler|Style = font-style: italic; font-weight: bold; color: olive; text-decoration: underline;|Show=Dowód|Hide=Ukryj dowód}}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Zauważmy najpierw, że ponieważ z&amp;amp;nbsp;założenia &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\int_{b}^{\infty} g (t) d t&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; jest zbieżna, to granica &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\lim_{t \to + \infty} G (t)&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; jest skończona (twierdzenie [[Wzór Eulera-Maclaurina#&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;E38&lt;/del&gt;|&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;E38&lt;/del&gt;]]). Wybierając odpowiednią wartość stałej całkowania, możemy sprawić, że &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\lim_{t \to + \infty} G (t) = 0&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;. Wynika stąd, że warunek ten zawsze może być spełniony, ale powinniśmy upewnić się, że tak jest.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Zauważmy najpierw, że ponieważ z&amp;amp;nbsp;założenia &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\int_{b}^{\infty} g (t) d t&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; jest zbieżna, to granica &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\lim_{t \to + \infty} G (t)&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; jest skończona (twierdzenie [[Wzór Eulera-Maclaurina#&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;E46&lt;/ins&gt;|&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;E46&lt;/ins&gt;]]). Wybierając odpowiednią wartość stałej całkowania, możemy sprawić, że &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\lim_{t \to + \infty} G (t) = 0&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;. Wynika stąd, że warunek ten zawsze może być spełniony, ale powinniśmy upewnić się, że tak jest.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Zastępując całkę niewłaściwą &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\int_{a}^{\infty} f (t) d t&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; całką oznaczoną &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\int^b_a f (t) d t&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;, popełniamy błąd&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Zastępując całkę niewłaściwą &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\int_{a}^{\infty} f (t) d t&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; całką oznaczoną &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\int^b_a f (t) d t&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;, popełniamy błąd&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l886&quot;&gt;Linia 886:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Linia 886:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;span id=&amp;quot;F27&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;font-size: 110%; font-weight: bold;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Uwaga F27&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;span id=&amp;quot;F27&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;font-size: 110%; font-weight: bold;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Uwaga F27&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Czytelnik zapewne zwrócił uwagę na ograniczony zakres stosowania twierdzenia [[#F22|F22]]. Nawet prostej całki &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\int_{2 \pi}^{\infty} {\small\frac{\sin (t)}{t}} d t&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; nie jesteśmy w&amp;amp;nbsp;stanie w&amp;amp;nbsp;ten sposób policzyć, bo &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\int_{2 \pi}^{\infty} {\small\frac{d t}{t}}&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; jest rozbieżna. Poniżej pokażemy, jak można zwiększyć zakres stosowania tego twierdzenia. Rozpoczniemy od udowodnienia analogicznych wzorów do wzoru z&amp;amp;nbsp;twierdzenia [[Wzór Eulera-Maclaurina#&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;E33&lt;/del&gt;|&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;E33&lt;/del&gt;]]. Funkcje Bernoulliego zostały zastąpione funkcjami &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\sin (x)&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; i &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\cos (x)&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Czytelnik zapewne zwrócił uwagę na ograniczony zakres stosowania twierdzenia [[#F22|F22]]. Nawet prostej całki &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\int_{2 \pi}^{\infty} {\small\frac{\sin (t)}{t}} d t&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; nie jesteśmy w&amp;amp;nbsp;stanie w&amp;amp;nbsp;ten sposób policzyć, bo &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\int_{2 \pi}^{\infty} {\small\frac{d t}{t}}&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; jest rozbieżna. Poniżej pokażemy, jak można zwiększyć zakres stosowania tego twierdzenia. Rozpoczniemy od udowodnienia analogicznych wzorów do wzoru z&amp;amp;nbsp;twierdzenia [[Wzór Eulera-Maclaurina#&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;E41&lt;/ins&gt;|&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;E41&lt;/ins&gt;]]. Funkcje Bernoulliego zostały zastąpione funkcjami &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\sin (x)&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; i &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\cos (x)&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l1144&quot;&gt;Linia 1144:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Linia 1144:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;span id=&amp;quot;F34&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;font-size: 110%; font-weight: bold;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Przykład F34&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;span id=&amp;quot;F34&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;font-size: 110%; font-weight: bold;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Przykład F34&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Rozważmy całkę (zobacz przykład [[Wzór Eulera-Maclaurina#&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;E53&lt;/del&gt;|&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;E53&lt;/del&gt;]])&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Rozważmy całkę (zobacz przykład [[Wzór Eulera-Maclaurina#&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;E61&lt;/ins&gt;|&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;E61&lt;/ins&gt;]])&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;::&amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\int_{1}^{\infty} {\small\frac{P_1 (t)}{t}} d t = {\small\frac{1}{2}} \log (2 \pi) - 1 = - 0.081061466795327258219670263594382360138602526362216587 \ldots&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;::&amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\int_{1}^{\infty} {\small\frac{P_1 (t)}{t}} d t = {\small\frac{1}{2}} \log (2 \pi) - 1 = - 0.081061466795327258219670263594382360138602526362216587 \ldots&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Nie możemy wprost zastosować twierdzenia [[#F22|F22]], ale korzystając z&amp;amp;nbsp;twierdzenia [[Wzór Eulera-Maclaurina#&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;E33&lt;/del&gt;|&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;E33&lt;/del&gt;]], dostajemy&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Nie możemy wprost zastosować twierdzenia [[#F22|F22]], ale korzystając z&amp;amp;nbsp;twierdzenia [[Wzór Eulera-Maclaurina#&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;E41&lt;/ins&gt;|&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;E41&lt;/ins&gt;]], dostajemy&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;::&amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\int_1^{\infty} {\small\frac{P_1 (t)}{t}} d t = - {\small\frac{41}{504}} + {\small\frac{1}{6}} \int_{1}^{\infty} {\small\frac{P_6 (t)}{t^6}} d t&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;::&amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\int_1^{\infty} {\small\frac{P_1 (t)}{t}} d t = - {\small\frac{41}{504}} + {\small\frac{1}{6}} \int_{1}^{\infty} {\small\frac{P_6 (t)}{t^6}} d t&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>HenrykDabrowski</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://henryk-dabrowski.pl/index.php?title=Ca%C5%82kowanie_numeryczne._Metoda_Simpsona&amp;diff=855&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>HenrykDabrowski o 18:31, 1 sty 2025</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://henryk-dabrowski.pl/index.php?title=Ca%C5%82kowanie_numeryczne._Metoda_Simpsona&amp;diff=855&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2025-01-01T18:31:26Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122;&quot; data-mw=&quot;interface&quot;&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;tr class=&quot;diff-title&quot; lang=&quot;pl&quot;&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← poprzednia wersja&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Wersja z 20:31, 1 sty 2025&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l659&quot;&gt;Linia 659:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Linia 659:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;::&amp;lt;math&amp;gt;f(x) = {\small\frac{P_1 (x)}{x}}&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;, &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\qquad \int_{1}^{10} f (x) d x = - 0.072730903361964386963200944934753807929314886310179776161039616&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;::&amp;lt;math&amp;gt;f(x) = {\small\frac{P_1 (x)}{x}}&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;, &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\qquad \int_{1}^{10} f (x) d x = - 0.072730903361964386963200944934753807929314886310179776161039616&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;gdzie &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;P_1 (x)&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; jest okresową funkcją Bernoulliego. Znamy dokładny wynik, bo można pokazać, że (zobacz przykład [[Wzór Eulera-Maclaurina#&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;E50&lt;/del&gt;|&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;E50&lt;/del&gt;]])&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;gdzie &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;P_1 (x)&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; jest okresową funkcją Bernoulliego. Znamy dokładny wynik, bo można pokazać, że (zobacz przykład [[Wzór Eulera-Maclaurina#&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;E53&lt;/ins&gt;|&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;E53&lt;/ins&gt;]])&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;::&amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\int^n_1 {\small\frac{P_1 (x)}{x}} d x = \log (n!) - n \log n + n - {\small\frac{1}{2}} \log n - 1&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;::&amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\int^n_1 {\small\frac{P_1 (x)}{x}} d x = \log (n!) - n \log n + n - {\small\frac{1}{2}} \log n - 1&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l719&quot;&gt;Linia 719:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Linia 719:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;{{Spoiler|Style = font-style: italic; font-weight: bold; color: olive; text-decoration: underline;|Show=Dowód|Hide=Ukryj dowód}}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;{{Spoiler|Style = font-style: italic; font-weight: bold; color: olive; text-decoration: underline;|Show=Dowód|Hide=Ukryj dowód}}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Zauważmy najpierw, że ponieważ z&amp;amp;nbsp;założenia &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\int_{b}^{\infty} g (t) d t&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; jest zbieżna, to granica &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\lim_{t \to + \infty} G (t)&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; jest skończona (twierdzenie [[Wzór Eulera-Maclaurina#&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;E35&lt;/del&gt;|&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;E35&lt;/del&gt;]]). Wybierając odpowiednią wartość stałej całkowania, możemy sprawić, że &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\lim_{t \to + \infty} G (t) = 0&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;. Wynika stąd, że warunek ten zawsze może być spełniony, ale powinniśmy upewnić się, że tak jest.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Zauważmy najpierw, że ponieważ z&amp;amp;nbsp;założenia &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\int_{b}^{\infty} g (t) d t&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; jest zbieżna, to granica &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\lim_{t \to + \infty} G (t)&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; jest skończona (twierdzenie [[Wzór Eulera-Maclaurina#&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;E38&lt;/ins&gt;|&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;E38&lt;/ins&gt;]]). Wybierając odpowiednią wartość stałej całkowania, możemy sprawić, że &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\lim_{t \to + \infty} G (t) = 0&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;. Wynika stąd, że warunek ten zawsze może być spełniony, ale powinniśmy upewnić się, że tak jest.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Zastępując całkę niewłaściwą &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\int_{a}^{\infty} f (t) d t&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; całką oznaczoną &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\int^b_a f (t) d t&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;, popełniamy błąd&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Zastępując całkę niewłaściwą &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\int_{a}^{\infty} f (t) d t&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; całką oznaczoną &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\int^b_a f (t) d t&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;, popełniamy błąd&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l886&quot;&gt;Linia 886:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Linia 886:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;span id=&amp;quot;F27&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;font-size: 110%; font-weight: bold;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Uwaga F27&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;span id=&amp;quot;F27&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;font-size: 110%; font-weight: bold;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Uwaga F27&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Czytelnik zapewne zwrócił uwagę na ograniczony zakres stosowania twierdzenia [[#F22|F22]]. Nawet prostej całki &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\int_{2 \pi}^{\infty} {\small\frac{\sin (t)}{t}} d t&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; nie jesteśmy w&amp;amp;nbsp;stanie w&amp;amp;nbsp;ten sposób policzyć, bo &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\int_{2 \pi}^{\infty} {\small\frac{d t}{t}}&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; jest rozbieżna. Poniżej pokażemy, jak można zwiększyć zakres stosowania tego twierdzenia. Rozpoczniemy od udowodnienia analogicznych wzorów do wzoru z&amp;amp;nbsp;twierdzenia [[Wzór Eulera-Maclaurina#&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;E30&lt;/del&gt;|&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;E30&lt;/del&gt;]]. Funkcje Bernoulliego zostały zastąpione funkcjami &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\sin (x)&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; i &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\cos (x)&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Czytelnik zapewne zwrócił uwagę na ograniczony zakres stosowania twierdzenia [[#F22|F22]]. Nawet prostej całki &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\int_{2 \pi}^{\infty} {\small\frac{\sin (t)}{t}} d t&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; nie jesteśmy w&amp;amp;nbsp;stanie w&amp;amp;nbsp;ten sposób policzyć, bo &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\int_{2 \pi}^{\infty} {\small\frac{d t}{t}}&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; jest rozbieżna. Poniżej pokażemy, jak można zwiększyć zakres stosowania tego twierdzenia. Rozpoczniemy od udowodnienia analogicznych wzorów do wzoru z&amp;amp;nbsp;twierdzenia [[Wzór Eulera-Maclaurina#&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;E33&lt;/ins&gt;|&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;E33&lt;/ins&gt;]]. Funkcje Bernoulliego zostały zastąpione funkcjami &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\sin (x)&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; i &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\cos (x)&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l1144&quot;&gt;Linia 1144:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Linia 1144:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;span id=&amp;quot;F34&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;font-size: 110%; font-weight: bold;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Przykład F34&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;span id=&amp;quot;F34&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;font-size: 110%; font-weight: bold;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Przykład F34&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Rozważmy całkę (zobacz przykład [[Wzór Eulera-Maclaurina#&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;E50&lt;/del&gt;|&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;E50&lt;/del&gt;]])&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Rozważmy całkę (zobacz przykład [[Wzór Eulera-Maclaurina#&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;E53&lt;/ins&gt;|&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;E53&lt;/ins&gt;]])&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;::&amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\int_{1}^{\infty} {\small\frac{P_1 (t)}{t}} d t = {\small\frac{1}{2}} \log (2 \pi) - 1 = - 0.081061466795327258219670263594382360138602526362216587 \ldots&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;::&amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\int_{1}^{\infty} {\small\frac{P_1 (t)}{t}} d t = {\small\frac{1}{2}} \log (2 \pi) - 1 = - 0.081061466795327258219670263594382360138602526362216587 \ldots&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Nie możemy wprost zastosować twierdzenia [[#F22|F22]], ale korzystając z&amp;amp;nbsp;twierdzenia [[Wzór Eulera-Maclaurina#&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;E30&lt;/del&gt;|&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;E30&lt;/del&gt;]], dostajemy&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Nie możemy wprost zastosować twierdzenia [[#F22|F22]], ale korzystając z&amp;amp;nbsp;twierdzenia [[Wzór Eulera-Maclaurina#&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;E33&lt;/ins&gt;|&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;E33&lt;/ins&gt;]], dostajemy&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;::&amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\int_1^{\infty} {\small\frac{P_1 (t)}{t}} d t = - {\small\frac{41}{504}} + {\small\frac{1}{6}} \int_{1}^{\infty} {\small\frac{P_6 (t)}{t^6}} d t&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;::&amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\int_1^{\infty} {\small\frac{P_1 (t)}{t}} d t = - {\small\frac{41}{504}} + {\small\frac{1}{6}} \int_{1}^{\infty} {\small\frac{P_6 (t)}{t^6}} d t&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>HenrykDabrowski</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://henryk-dabrowski.pl/index.php?title=Ca%C5%82kowanie_numeryczne._Metoda_Simpsona&amp;diff=853&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>HenrykDabrowski o 12:08, 28 gru 2024</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://henryk-dabrowski.pl/index.php?title=Ca%C5%82kowanie_numeryczne._Metoda_Simpsona&amp;diff=853&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2024-12-28T12:08:53Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122;&quot; data-mw=&quot;interface&quot;&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;tr class=&quot;diff-title&quot; lang=&quot;pl&quot;&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← poprzednia wersja&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Wersja z 14:08, 28 gru 2024&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l645&quot;&gt;Linia 645:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Linia 645:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;::&amp;lt;math&amp;gt;f(x) = {\small\frac{\sin (x)}{x}}&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;, &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\qquad \int_{2 \pi}^{10^4} f (x) d x = 0.1527399692533334654765895125096821824796221626790438771977250903 \qquad&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; ([https://www.wolframalpha.com/input?i=integral+sin%28x%29%2Fx+from+2*Pi+to+10%&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;5E4 &lt;/del&gt;WolframAlpha])&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;::&amp;lt;math&amp;gt;f(x) = {\small\frac{\sin (x)}{x}}&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;, &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\qquad \int_{2 \pi}^{10^4} f (x) d x = 0.1527399692533334654765895125096821824796221626790438771977250903 \qquad&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; ([https://www.wolframalpha.com/input?i=integral+sin%28x%29%2Fx+from+2*Pi+to+10%&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;5E5 &lt;/ins&gt;WolframAlpha])&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;  &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 90%; color:black;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Simpson(2*Pi, 10^4, 2^22, 0.13)&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;  &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 90%; color:black;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Simpson(2*Pi, 10^4, 2^22, 0.13)&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l651&quot;&gt;Linia 651:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Linia 651:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;::&amp;lt;math&amp;gt;f(x) = {\small\frac{\sin (x)}{\log (x)}}&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;, &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\qquad \int_{2 \pi}^{10^4} f (x) d x = 0.63535086286 \ldots \qquad&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; ([https://www.wolframalpha.com/input?i=integral+sin%28x%29%2Flog%28x%29+from+2*Pi+to+10%&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;5E4 &lt;/del&gt;WolframAlpha])&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;::&amp;lt;math&amp;gt;f(x) = {\small\frac{\sin (x)}{\log (x)}}&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;, &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\qquad \int_{2 \pi}^{10^4} f (x) d x = 0.63535086286 \ldots \qquad&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; ([https://www.wolframalpha.com/input?i=integral+sin%28x%29%2Flog%28x%29+from+2*Pi+to+10%&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;5E5 &lt;/ins&gt;WolframAlpha])&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;  &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 90%; color:black;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Simpson(2*Pi, 10^4, 2^22, 0.46)&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;  &amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;font-size: 90%; color:black;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Simpson(2*Pi, 10^4, 2^22, 0.46)&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l659&quot;&gt;Linia 659:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Linia 659:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;::&amp;lt;math&amp;gt;f(x) = {\small\frac{P_1 (x)}{x}}&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;, &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\qquad \int_{1}^{10} f (x) d x = - 0.072730903361964386963200944934753807929314886310179776161039616&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;::&amp;lt;math&amp;gt;f(x) = {\small\frac{P_1 (x)}{x}}&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;, &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\qquad \int_{1}^{10} f (x) d x = - 0.072730903361964386963200944934753807929314886310179776161039616&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;gdzie &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;P_1 (x)&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; jest okresową funkcją Bernoulliego. Znamy dokładny wynik, bo można pokazać, że (zobacz przykład [[Wzór Eulera-Maclaurina#&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;E49&lt;/del&gt;|&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;E49&lt;/del&gt;]])&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;gdzie &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;P_1 (x)&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; jest okresową funkcją Bernoulliego. Znamy dokładny wynik, bo można pokazać, że (zobacz przykład [[Wzór Eulera-Maclaurina#&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;E50&lt;/ins&gt;|&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;E50&lt;/ins&gt;]])&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;::&amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\int^n_1 {\small\frac{P_1 (x)}{x}} d x = \log (n!) - n \log n + n - {\small\frac{1}{2}} \log n - 1&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;::&amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\int^n_1 {\small\frac{P_1 (x)}{x}} d x = \log (n!) - n \log n + n - {\small\frac{1}{2}} \log n - 1&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l719&quot;&gt;Linia 719:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Linia 719:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;{{Spoiler|Style = font-style: italic; font-weight: bold; color: olive; text-decoration: underline;|Show=Dowód|Hide=Ukryj dowód}}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;{{Spoiler|Style = font-style: italic; font-weight: bold; color: olive; text-decoration: underline;|Show=Dowód|Hide=Ukryj dowód}}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Zauważmy najpierw, że ponieważ z&amp;amp;nbsp;założenia &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\int_{b}^{\infty} g (t) d t&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; jest zbieżna, to granica &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\lim_{t \to + \infty} G (t)&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; jest skończona (twierdzenie [[Wzór Eulera-Maclaurina#&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;E34&lt;/del&gt;|&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;E34&lt;/del&gt;]]). Wybierając odpowiednią wartość stałej całkowania, możemy sprawić, że &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\lim_{t \to + \infty} G (t) = 0&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;. Wynika stąd, że warunek ten zawsze może być spełniony, ale powinniśmy upewnić się, że tak jest.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Zauważmy najpierw, że ponieważ z&amp;amp;nbsp;założenia &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\int_{b}^{\infty} g (t) d t&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; jest zbieżna, to granica &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\lim_{t \to + \infty} G (t)&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; jest skończona (twierdzenie [[Wzór Eulera-Maclaurina#&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;E35&lt;/ins&gt;|&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;E35&lt;/ins&gt;]]). Wybierając odpowiednią wartość stałej całkowania, możemy sprawić, że &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\lim_{t \to + \infty} G (t) = 0&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;. Wynika stąd, że warunek ten zawsze może być spełniony, ale powinniśmy upewnić się, że tak jest.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Zastępując całkę niewłaściwą &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\int_{a}^{\infty} f (t) d t&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; całką oznaczoną &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\int^b_a f (t) d t&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;, popełniamy błąd&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Zastępując całkę niewłaściwą &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\int_{a}^{\infty} f (t) d t&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; całką oznaczoną &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\int^b_a f (t) d t&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;, popełniamy błąd&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l886&quot;&gt;Linia 886:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Linia 886:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;span id=&amp;quot;F27&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;font-size: 110%; font-weight: bold;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Uwaga F27&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;span id=&amp;quot;F27&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;font-size: 110%; font-weight: bold;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Uwaga F27&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Czytelnik zapewne zwrócił uwagę na ograniczony zakres stosowania twierdzenia [[#F22|F22]]. Nawet prostej całki &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\int_{2 \pi}^{\infty} {\small\frac{\sin (t)}{t}} d t&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; nie jesteśmy w&amp;amp;nbsp;stanie w&amp;amp;nbsp;ten sposób policzyć, bo &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\int_{2 \pi}^{\infty} {\small\frac{d t}{t}}&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; jest rozbieżna. Poniżej pokażemy, jak można zwiększyć zakres stosowania tego twierdzenia. Rozpoczniemy od udowodnienia analogicznych wzorów do wzoru z&amp;amp;nbsp;twierdzenia [[Wzór Eulera-Maclaurina#&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;E29&lt;/del&gt;|&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;E29&lt;/del&gt;]]. Funkcje Bernoulliego zostały zastąpione funkcjami &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\sin (x)&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; i &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\cos (x)&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Czytelnik zapewne zwrócił uwagę na ograniczony zakres stosowania twierdzenia [[#F22|F22]]. Nawet prostej całki &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\int_{2 \pi}^{\infty} {\small\frac{\sin (t)}{t}} d t&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; nie jesteśmy w&amp;amp;nbsp;stanie w&amp;amp;nbsp;ten sposób policzyć, bo &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\int_{2 \pi}^{\infty} {\small\frac{d t}{t}}&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; jest rozbieżna. Poniżej pokażemy, jak można zwiększyć zakres stosowania tego twierdzenia. Rozpoczniemy od udowodnienia analogicznych wzorów do wzoru z&amp;amp;nbsp;twierdzenia [[Wzór Eulera-Maclaurina#&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;E30&lt;/ins&gt;|&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;E30&lt;/ins&gt;]]. Funkcje Bernoulliego zostały zastąpione funkcjami &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\sin (x)&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; i &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\cos (x)&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l1144&quot;&gt;Linia 1144:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Linia 1144:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;span id=&amp;quot;F34&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;font-size: 110%; font-weight: bold;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Przykład F34&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;span id=&amp;quot;F34&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;font-size: 110%; font-weight: bold;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Przykład F34&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Rozważmy całkę (zobacz przykład [[Wzór Eulera-Maclaurina#&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;E49&lt;/del&gt;|&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;E49&lt;/del&gt;]])&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Rozważmy całkę (zobacz przykład [[Wzór Eulera-Maclaurina#&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;E50&lt;/ins&gt;|&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;E50&lt;/ins&gt;]])&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;::&amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\int_{1}^{\infty} {\small\frac{P_1 (t)}{t}} d t = {\small\frac{1}{2}} \log (2 \pi) - 1 = - 0.081061466795327258219670263594382360138602526362216587 \ldots&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;::&amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\int_{1}^{\infty} {\small\frac{P_1 (t)}{t}} d t = {\small\frac{1}{2}} \log (2 \pi) - 1 = - 0.081061466795327258219670263594382360138602526362216587 \ldots&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Nie możemy wprost zastosować twierdzenia [[#F22|F22]], ale korzystając z&amp;amp;nbsp;twierdzenia [[Wzór Eulera-Maclaurina#&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;E29&lt;/del&gt;|&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;E29&lt;/del&gt;]], dostajemy&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Nie możemy wprost zastosować twierdzenia [[#F22|F22]], ale korzystając z&amp;amp;nbsp;twierdzenia [[Wzór Eulera-Maclaurina#&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;E30&lt;/ins&gt;|&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;E30&lt;/ins&gt;]], dostajemy&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;::&amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\int_1^{\infty} {\small\frac{P_1 (t)}{t}} d t = - {\small\frac{41}{504}} + {\small\frac{1}{6}} \int_{1}^{\infty} {\small\frac{P_6 (t)}{t^6}} d t&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;::&amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\int_1^{\infty} {\small\frac{P_1 (t)}{t}} d t = - {\small\frac{41}{504}} + {\small\frac{1}{6}} \int_{1}^{\infty} {\small\frac{P_6 (t)}{t^6}} d t&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>HenrykDabrowski</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://henryk-dabrowski.pl/index.php?title=Ca%C5%82kowanie_numeryczne._Metoda_Simpsona&amp;diff=849&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>HenrykDabrowski o 12:01, 22 gru 2024</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://henryk-dabrowski.pl/index.php?title=Ca%C5%82kowanie_numeryczne._Metoda_Simpsona&amp;diff=849&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2024-12-22T12:01:51Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122;&quot; data-mw=&quot;interface&quot;&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;tr class=&quot;diff-title&quot; lang=&quot;pl&quot;&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← poprzednia wersja&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Wersja z 14:01, 22 gru 2024&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l659&quot;&gt;Linia 659:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Linia 659:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;::&amp;lt;math&amp;gt;f(x) = {\small\frac{P_1 (x)}{x}}&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;, &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\qquad \int_{1}^{10} f (x) d x = - 0.072730903361964386963200944934753807929314886310179776161039616&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;::&amp;lt;math&amp;gt;f(x) = {\small\frac{P_1 (x)}{x}}&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;, &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\qquad \int_{1}^{10} f (x) d x = - 0.072730903361964386963200944934753807929314886310179776161039616&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;gdzie &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;P_1 (x)&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; jest okresową funkcją Bernoulliego. Znamy dokładny wynik, bo można pokazać, że (zobacz przykład [[Wzór Eulera-Maclaurina#&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;E45&lt;/del&gt;|&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;E45&lt;/del&gt;]])&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;gdzie &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;P_1 (x)&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; jest okresową funkcją Bernoulliego. Znamy dokładny wynik, bo można pokazać, że (zobacz przykład [[Wzór Eulera-Maclaurina#&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;E49&lt;/ins&gt;|&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;E49&lt;/ins&gt;]])&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;::&amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\int^n_1 {\small\frac{P_1 (x)}{x}} d x = \log (n!) - n \log n + n - {\small\frac{1}{2}} \log n - 1&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;::&amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\int^n_1 {\small\frac{P_1 (x)}{x}} d x = \log (n!) - n \log n + n - {\small\frac{1}{2}} \log n - 1&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l719&quot;&gt;Linia 719:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Linia 719:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;{{Spoiler|Style = font-style: italic; font-weight: bold; color: olive; text-decoration: underline;|Show=Dowód|Hide=Ukryj dowód}}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;{{Spoiler|Style = font-style: italic; font-weight: bold; color: olive; text-decoration: underline;|Show=Dowód|Hide=Ukryj dowód}}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Zauważmy najpierw, że ponieważ z&amp;amp;nbsp;założenia &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\int_{b}^{\infty} g (t) d t&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; jest zbieżna, to granica &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\lim_{t \to + \infty} G (t)&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; jest skończona (twierdzenie [[Wzór Eulera-Maclaurina#&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;E30&lt;/del&gt;|&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;E30&lt;/del&gt;]]). Wybierając odpowiednią wartość stałej całkowania, możemy sprawić, że &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\lim_{t \to + \infty} G (t) = 0&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;. Wynika stąd, że warunek ten zawsze może być spełniony, ale powinniśmy upewnić się, że tak jest.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Zauważmy najpierw, że ponieważ z&amp;amp;nbsp;założenia &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\int_{b}^{\infty} g (t) d t&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; jest zbieżna, to granica &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\lim_{t \to + \infty} G (t)&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; jest skończona (twierdzenie [[Wzór Eulera-Maclaurina#&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;E34&lt;/ins&gt;|&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;E34&lt;/ins&gt;]]). Wybierając odpowiednią wartość stałej całkowania, możemy sprawić, że &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\lim_{t \to + \infty} G (t) = 0&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;. Wynika stąd, że warunek ten zawsze może być spełniony, ale powinniśmy upewnić się, że tak jest.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Zastępując całkę niewłaściwą &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\int_{a}^{\infty} f (t) d t&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; całką oznaczoną &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\int^b_a f (t) d t&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;, popełniamy błąd&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Zastępując całkę niewłaściwą &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\int_{a}^{\infty} f (t) d t&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; całką oznaczoną &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\int^b_a f (t) d t&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;, popełniamy błąd&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l886&quot;&gt;Linia 886:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Linia 886:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;span id=&amp;quot;F27&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;font-size: 110%; font-weight: bold;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Uwaga F27&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;span id=&amp;quot;F27&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;font-size: 110%; font-weight: bold;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Uwaga F27&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Czytelnik zapewne zwrócił uwagę na ograniczony zakres stosowania twierdzenia [[#F22|F22]]. Nawet prostej całki &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\int_{2 \pi}^{\infty} {\small\frac{\sin (t)}{t}} d t&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; nie jesteśmy w&amp;amp;nbsp;stanie w&amp;amp;nbsp;ten sposób policzyć, bo &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\int_{2 \pi}^{\infty} {\small\frac{d t}{t}}&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; jest rozbieżna. Poniżej pokażemy, jak można zwiększyć zakres stosowania tego twierdzenia. Rozpoczniemy od udowodnienia analogicznych wzorów do wzoru z&amp;amp;nbsp;twierdzenia [[Wzór Eulera-Maclaurina#&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;E25&lt;/del&gt;|&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;E25&lt;/del&gt;]]. Funkcje Bernoulliego zostały zastąpione funkcjami &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\sin (x)&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; i &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\cos (x)&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Czytelnik zapewne zwrócił uwagę na ograniczony zakres stosowania twierdzenia [[#F22|F22]]. Nawet prostej całki &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\int_{2 \pi}^{\infty} {\small\frac{\sin (t)}{t}} d t&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; nie jesteśmy w&amp;amp;nbsp;stanie w&amp;amp;nbsp;ten sposób policzyć, bo &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\int_{2 \pi}^{\infty} {\small\frac{d t}{t}}&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; jest rozbieżna. Poniżej pokażemy, jak można zwiększyć zakres stosowania tego twierdzenia. Rozpoczniemy od udowodnienia analogicznych wzorów do wzoru z&amp;amp;nbsp;twierdzenia [[Wzór Eulera-Maclaurina#&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;E29&lt;/ins&gt;|&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;E29&lt;/ins&gt;]]. Funkcje Bernoulliego zostały zastąpione funkcjami &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\sin (x)&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; i &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\cos (x)&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l1144&quot;&gt;Linia 1144:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Linia 1144:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;span id=&amp;quot;F34&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;font-size: 110%; font-weight: bold;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Przykład F34&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;span id=&amp;quot;F34&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;font-size: 110%; font-weight: bold;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Przykład F34&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Rozważmy całkę (zobacz przykład [[Wzór Eulera-Maclaurina#&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;E45&lt;/del&gt;|&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;E45&lt;/del&gt;]])&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Rozważmy całkę (zobacz przykład [[Wzór Eulera-Maclaurina#&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;E49&lt;/ins&gt;|&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;E49&lt;/ins&gt;]])&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;::&amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\int_{1}^{\infty} {\small\frac{P_1 (t)}{t}} d t = {\small\frac{1}{2}} \log (2 \pi) - 1 = - 0.081061466795327258219670263594382360138602526362216587 \ldots&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;::&amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\int_{1}^{\infty} {\small\frac{P_1 (t)}{t}} d t = {\small\frac{1}{2}} \log (2 \pi) - 1 = - 0.081061466795327258219670263594382360138602526362216587 \ldots&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Nie możemy wprost zastosować twierdzenia [[#F22|F22]], ale korzystając z&amp;amp;nbsp;twierdzenia [[Wzór Eulera-Maclaurina#&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;E25&lt;/del&gt;|&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;E25&lt;/del&gt;]], dostajemy&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Nie możemy wprost zastosować twierdzenia [[#F22|F22]], ale korzystając z&amp;amp;nbsp;twierdzenia [[Wzór Eulera-Maclaurina#&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;E29&lt;/ins&gt;|&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;E29&lt;/ins&gt;]], dostajemy&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;::&amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\int_1^{\infty} {\small\frac{P_1 (t)}{t}} d t = - {\small\frac{41}{504}} + {\small\frac{1}{6}} \int_{1}^{\infty} {\small\frac{P_6 (t)}{t^6}} d t&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;::&amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\int_1^{\infty} {\small\frac{P_1 (t)}{t}} d t = - {\small\frac{41}{504}} + {\small\frac{1}{6}} \int_{1}^{\infty} {\small\frac{P_6 (t)}{t^6}} d t&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>HenrykDabrowski</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://henryk-dabrowski.pl/index.php?title=Ca%C5%82kowanie_numeryczne._Metoda_Simpsona&amp;diff=845&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>HenrykDabrowski o 18:28, 14 gru 2024</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://henryk-dabrowski.pl/index.php?title=Ca%C5%82kowanie_numeryczne._Metoda_Simpsona&amp;diff=845&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2024-12-14T18:28:31Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122;&quot; data-mw=&quot;interface&quot;&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;tr class=&quot;diff-title&quot; lang=&quot;pl&quot;&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← poprzednia wersja&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Wersja z 20:28, 14 gru 2024&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l659&quot;&gt;Linia 659:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Linia 659:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;::&amp;lt;math&amp;gt;f(x) = {\small\frac{P_1 (x)}{x}}&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;, &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\qquad \int_{1}^{10} f (x) d x = - 0.072730903361964386963200944934753807929314886310179776161039616&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;::&amp;lt;math&amp;gt;f(x) = {\small\frac{P_1 (x)}{x}}&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;, &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\qquad \int_{1}^{10} f (x) d x = - 0.072730903361964386963200944934753807929314886310179776161039616&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;gdzie &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;P_1 (x)&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; jest okresową funkcją Bernoulliego. Znamy dokładny wynik, bo można pokazać, że (zobacz przykład [[Wzór Eulera-Maclaurina#&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;E43&lt;/del&gt;|&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;E43&lt;/del&gt;]])&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;gdzie &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;P_1 (x)&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; jest okresową funkcją Bernoulliego. Znamy dokładny wynik, bo można pokazać, że (zobacz przykład [[Wzór Eulera-Maclaurina#&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;E45&lt;/ins&gt;|&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;E45&lt;/ins&gt;]])&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;::&amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\int^n_1 {\small\frac{P_1 (x)}{x}} d x = \log (n!) - n \log n + n - {\small\frac{1}{2}} \log n - 1&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;::&amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\int^n_1 {\small\frac{P_1 (x)}{x}} d x = \log (n!) - n \log n + n - {\small\frac{1}{2}} \log n - 1&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l719&quot;&gt;Linia 719:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Linia 719:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;{{Spoiler|Style = font-style: italic; font-weight: bold; color: olive; text-decoration: underline;|Show=Dowód|Hide=Ukryj dowód}}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;{{Spoiler|Style = font-style: italic; font-weight: bold; color: olive; text-decoration: underline;|Show=Dowód|Hide=Ukryj dowód}}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Zauważmy najpierw, że ponieważ z&amp;amp;nbsp;założenia &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\int_{b}^{\infty} g (t) d t&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; jest zbieżna, to granica &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\lim_{t \to + \infty} G (t)&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; jest skończona (twierdzenie [[Wzór Eulera-Maclaurina#&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;E28&lt;/del&gt;|&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;E28&lt;/del&gt;]]). Wybierając odpowiednią wartość stałej całkowania, możemy sprawić, że &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\lim_{t \to + \infty} G (t) = 0&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;. Wynika stąd, że warunek ten zawsze może być spełniony, ale powinniśmy upewnić się, że tak jest.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Zauważmy najpierw, że ponieważ z&amp;amp;nbsp;założenia &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\int_{b}^{\infty} g (t) d t&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; jest zbieżna, to granica &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\lim_{t \to + \infty} G (t)&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; jest skończona (twierdzenie [[Wzór Eulera-Maclaurina#&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;E30&lt;/ins&gt;|&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;E30&lt;/ins&gt;]]). Wybierając odpowiednią wartość stałej całkowania, możemy sprawić, że &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\lim_{t \to + \infty} G (t) = 0&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;. Wynika stąd, że warunek ten zawsze może być spełniony, ale powinniśmy upewnić się, że tak jest.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Zastępując całkę niewłaściwą &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\int_{a}^{\infty} f (t) d t&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; całką oznaczoną &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\int^b_a f (t) d t&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;, popełniamy błąd&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Zastępując całkę niewłaściwą &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\int_{a}^{\infty} f (t) d t&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; całką oznaczoną &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\int^b_a f (t) d t&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;, popełniamy błąd&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l886&quot;&gt;Linia 886:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Linia 886:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;span id=&amp;quot;F27&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;font-size: 110%; font-weight: bold;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Uwaga F27&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;span id=&amp;quot;F27&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;font-size: 110%; font-weight: bold;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Uwaga F27&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Czytelnik zapewne zwrócił uwagę na ograniczony zakres stosowania twierdzenia [[#F22|F22]]. Nawet prostej całki &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\int_{2 \pi}^{\infty} {\small\frac{\sin (t)}{t}} d t&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; nie jesteśmy w&amp;amp;nbsp;stanie w&amp;amp;nbsp;ten sposób policzyć, bo &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\int_{2 \pi}^{\infty} {\small\frac{d t}{t}}&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; jest rozbieżna. Poniżej pokażemy, jak można zwiększyć zakres stosowania tego twierdzenia. Rozpoczniemy od udowodnienia analogicznych wzorów do wzoru z&amp;amp;nbsp;twierdzenia [[Wzór Eulera-Maclaurina#&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;E23&lt;/del&gt;|&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;E23&lt;/del&gt;]]. Funkcje Bernoulliego zostały zastąpione funkcjami &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\sin (x)&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; i &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\cos (x)&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Czytelnik zapewne zwrócił uwagę na ograniczony zakres stosowania twierdzenia [[#F22|F22]]. Nawet prostej całki &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\int_{2 \pi}^{\infty} {\small\frac{\sin (t)}{t}} d t&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; nie jesteśmy w&amp;amp;nbsp;stanie w&amp;amp;nbsp;ten sposób policzyć, bo &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\int_{2 \pi}^{\infty} {\small\frac{d t}{t}}&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; jest rozbieżna. Poniżej pokażemy, jak można zwiększyć zakres stosowania tego twierdzenia. Rozpoczniemy od udowodnienia analogicznych wzorów do wzoru z&amp;amp;nbsp;twierdzenia [[Wzór Eulera-Maclaurina#&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;E25&lt;/ins&gt;|&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;E25&lt;/ins&gt;]]. Funkcje Bernoulliego zostały zastąpione funkcjami &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\sin (x)&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; i &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\cos (x)&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l1144&quot;&gt;Linia 1144:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Linia 1144:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;span id=&amp;quot;F34&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;font-size: 110%; font-weight: bold;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Przykład F34&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;span id=&amp;quot;F34&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;font-size: 110%; font-weight: bold;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Przykład F34&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Rozważmy całkę (zobacz przykład [[Wzór Eulera-Maclaurina#&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;E43&lt;/del&gt;|&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;E43&lt;/del&gt;]])&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Rozważmy całkę (zobacz przykład [[Wzór Eulera-Maclaurina#&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;E45&lt;/ins&gt;|&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;E45&lt;/ins&gt;]])&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;::&amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\int_{1}^{\infty} {\small\frac{P_1 (t)}{t}} d t = {\small\frac{1}{2}} \log (2 \pi) - 1 = - 0.081061466795327258219670263594382360138602526362216587 \ldots&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;::&amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\int_{1}^{\infty} {\small\frac{P_1 (t)}{t}} d t = {\small\frac{1}{2}} \log (2 \pi) - 1 = - 0.081061466795327258219670263594382360138602526362216587 \ldots&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Nie możemy wprost zastosować twierdzenia [[#F22|F22]], ale korzystając z&amp;amp;nbsp;twierdzenia [[Wzór Eulera-Maclaurina#&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;E23&lt;/del&gt;|&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;E23&lt;/del&gt;]], dostajemy&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Nie możemy wprost zastosować twierdzenia [[#F22|F22]], ale korzystając z&amp;amp;nbsp;twierdzenia [[Wzór Eulera-Maclaurina#&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;E25&lt;/ins&gt;|&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;E25&lt;/ins&gt;]], dostajemy&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;::&amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\int_1^{\infty} {\small\frac{P_1 (t)}{t}} d t = - {\small\frac{41}{504}} + {\small\frac{1}{6}} \int_{1}^{\infty} {\small\frac{P_6 (t)}{t^6}} d t&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;::&amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\int_1^{\infty} {\small\frac{P_1 (t)}{t}} d t = - {\small\frac{41}{504}} + {\small\frac{1}{6}} \int_{1}^{\infty} {\small\frac{P_6 (t)}{t^6}} d t&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>HenrykDabrowski</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://henryk-dabrowski.pl/index.php?title=Ca%C5%82kowanie_numeryczne._Metoda_Simpsona&amp;diff=796&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>HenrykDabrowski o 18:03, 10 cze 2024</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://henryk-dabrowski.pl/index.php?title=Ca%C5%82kowanie_numeryczne._Metoda_Simpsona&amp;diff=796&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2024-06-10T18:03:33Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122;&quot; data-mw=&quot;interface&quot;&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;tr class=&quot;diff-title&quot; lang=&quot;pl&quot;&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← poprzednia wersja&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Wersja z 20:03, 10 cze 2024&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l1242&quot;&gt;Linia 1242:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Linia 1242:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;::&amp;lt;math&amp;gt;f(x) = \left\{ \begin{array}{lll}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;::&amp;lt;math&amp;gt;f(x) = \left\{ \begin{array}{lll}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;   x^2 \sin \left( {\&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;small&lt;/del&gt;\frac{1}{x}} \right) &amp;amp;  &amp;amp; x \neq 0\\&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;   x^2 \sin \left( {\&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;large&lt;/ins&gt;\frac{1}{x}} \right) &amp;amp;  &amp;amp; x \neq 0\\&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;   0 &amp;amp;  &amp;amp; x = 0&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;   0 &amp;amp;  &amp;amp; x = 0&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;\end{array} \right.&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;\end{array} \right.&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>HenrykDabrowski</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://henryk-dabrowski.pl/index.php?title=Ca%C5%82kowanie_numeryczne._Metoda_Simpsona&amp;diff=795&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>HenrykDabrowski o 17:46, 10 cze 2024</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://henryk-dabrowski.pl/index.php?title=Ca%C5%82kowanie_numeryczne._Metoda_Simpsona&amp;diff=795&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2024-06-10T17:46:58Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122;&quot; data-mw=&quot;interface&quot;&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;tr class=&quot;diff-title&quot; lang=&quot;pl&quot;&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← poprzednia wersja&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Wersja z 19:46, 10 cze 2024&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l969&quot;&gt;Linia 969:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Linia 969:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;span id=&amp;quot;F29&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;font-size: 110%; font-weight: bold;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Uwaga F29&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;span id=&amp;quot;F29&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;font-size: 110%; font-weight: bold;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Uwaga F29&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Z twierdzenia [[#&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;F27&lt;/del&gt;|&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;F27&lt;/del&gt;]] wynika natychmiast, że prawdziwe są następujące wzory&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Z twierdzenia [[#&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;F28&lt;/ins&gt;|&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;F28&lt;/ins&gt;]] wynika natychmiast, że prawdziwe są następujące wzory&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;::&amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\int f (t) \sin (t) d t = - f (t) \cos (t) + \int f^{(1)} (t) \cos (t) d t&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;::&amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\int f (t) \sin (t) d t = - f (t) \cos (t) + \int f^{(1)} (t) \cos (t) d t&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l982&quot;&gt;Linia 982:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Linia 982:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;span id=&amp;quot;F30&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;font-size: 110%; font-weight: bold;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Uwaga F30&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;span id=&amp;quot;F30&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;font-size: 110%; font-weight: bold;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Uwaga F30&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Z twierdzenia [[#&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;F27&lt;/del&gt;|&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;F27&lt;/del&gt;]] wynika natychmiast, że prawdziwe są następujące wzory&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Z twierdzenia [[#&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;F28&lt;/ins&gt;|&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;F28&lt;/ins&gt;]] wynika natychmiast, że prawdziwe są następujące wzory&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;::&amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\int f (t) \cos (t) d t = f (t) \sin (t) - \int f^{(1)} (t) \sin (t) d t&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;::&amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\int f (t) \cos (t) d t = f (t) \sin (t) - \int f^{(1)} (t) \sin (t) d t&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>HenrykDabrowski</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://henryk-dabrowski.pl/index.php?title=Ca%C5%82kowanie_numeryczne._Metoda_Simpsona&amp;diff=794&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>HenrykDabrowski o 14:33, 10 cze 2024</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://henryk-dabrowski.pl/index.php?title=Ca%C5%82kowanie_numeryczne._Metoda_Simpsona&amp;diff=794&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2024-06-10T14:33:00Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122;&quot; data-mw=&quot;interface&quot;&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;tr class=&quot;diff-title&quot; lang=&quot;pl&quot;&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← poprzednia wersja&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Wersja z 16:33, 10 cze 2024&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l96&quot;&gt;Linia 96:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Linia 96:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;::&amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\lim_{x \to 0^+} f (x) = \lim_{x \to 5^-} f (x) = 1&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;::&amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\lim_{x \to 0^+} f (x) = \lim_{x \to 5^-} f (x) = 1&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;zatem spełnione są warunki definicji [[#&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;F1&lt;/del&gt;|&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;F1&lt;/del&gt;]] i&amp;amp;nbsp;funkcja &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;f(x)&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; jest kawałkami ciągła (kawałkami klasy &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;C^0&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;). Zauważmy, że funkcja ta jest funkcją skokową Heaviside&#039;a&amp;lt;ref name=&quot;HeavisideStepFun&quot;/&amp;gt; &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;H(x)&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; obciętą do przedziału &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;[- 5, 5]&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;zatem spełnione są warunki definicji [[#&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;F2&lt;/ins&gt;|&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;F2&lt;/ins&gt;]] i&amp;amp;nbsp;funkcja &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;f(x)&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; jest kawałkami ciągła (kawałkami klasy &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;C^0&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;). Zauważmy, że funkcja ta jest funkcją skokową Heaviside&#039;a&amp;lt;ref name=&quot;HeavisideStepFun&quot;/&amp;gt; &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;H(x)&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; obciętą do przedziału &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;[- 5, 5]&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;::&amp;lt;math&amp;gt;H(x) = \left\{ \begin{array}{ccc}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;::&amp;lt;math&amp;gt;H(x) = \left\{ \begin{array}{ccc}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>HenrykDabrowski</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://henryk-dabrowski.pl/index.php?title=Ca%C5%82kowanie_numeryczne._Metoda_Simpsona&amp;diff=793&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>HenrykDabrowski o 14:27, 10 cze 2024</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://henryk-dabrowski.pl/index.php?title=Ca%C5%82kowanie_numeryczne._Metoda_Simpsona&amp;diff=793&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2024-06-10T14:27:45Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://henryk-dabrowski.pl/index.php?title=Ca%C5%82kowanie_numeryczne._Metoda_Simpsona&amp;amp;diff=793&amp;amp;oldid=499&quot;&gt;Podgląd zmian&lt;/a&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>HenrykDabrowski</name></author>
	</entry>
</feed>